Last-lathe.



L. B. WHIPPLE LAST LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 13, I916. 1,293,276. Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEI I.

WVENTL??? L. B. wmPPLE.

LAST LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 53. I916.

1,293,276. Patented Feb. 4,1919.

fl SHEETS SHiEY 2.

l mknvmfa B. WHIPPLE.

LAST LATHE. APPLICATION FILED APR. I3. 2916.

Patented Feb.

a SHEETS SHEET 3 L. B. WHIPPLE.

7 LAST LATHE. APPucAfwM HLEB ma. 13 mm.

1,293,276, Patented Feb. 4, 1919 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Fi 10. Wy/ma v L. B. WHIPPLE.

LAST LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11% l9ifi.

Patented Feb. 4, 1919.;

5 suns-snu 5.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LELAND B. WHIPPLE, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, .ASSIGNOR TO FITZ-EMPIRE DOUBLE PIVOT LAST COMPANY, OF AUBURN, MAINE, A. CORPORATION OF MAINE.

LAST-LATHE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

Application filed April 13, 1916. Serial No. 90,878;

To all whom it may concern Be it known that. I. LELAND B. VVHIPI'LE, 'a citizen of the United States, residing at Rochester. in the county of Monroe and State of N cw York, have invented certain Im movements in Last-Lathes, of which the foil r accompanying drawings, is a specification, like reference characters on the drawings in dieating like parts in the several figures.

My invention relates to lathes forturning irregular objects, and in particular to last lathes.

In the use of these machines great ineonvenienee has been experienced owing to the fact that the model wheel used, which is several inches in diameter, will not follow the more sharply curved depressions in the model, leaving much hand work to be done in surfacing the last after it leaves the lathe, and thus it has been diiiicult to obtain absolute correspondence between members of a pair. or between lasts of a size. It has been pro JOSCd to meet this diiliculty by using 'a 1110' el Wheel and cutter of small diameter but suchattempts to solve the ditliculty have heretofore proved unsuccessful.

One dillieulty that: arose lay in the failure to provide a eutter which. while corresponding to the small model wheel in size. would prove adequate to the removal of the great. amount of waste material in a last block. Attempts were made to solve this (llllltllllj by providing several independent tools for the roughing and finishing cuts. or by providine a single tool with several blades for roughing and finishing. respectively. but these devices failed to achieve success owing to their intriem-y, expense of construction and liability to get out of adjustment.

Another diiiiculty was met. with in the pressure mechanism. it. has long been the practice to assist gravity in forcing the swing frame toward the model wheel and cutter, as it w: s found that gravity alone would not carry the deeper hollows up to the model wheel owing to the reaction between the vLlttPl and the block lhe ell'eetive tort-e exerted by gravity being small when the surface being cut is near the axis of rotation, as is the ease in a h lloi The usual pro cedure has been to ung: weights on a bell crank at the bark of th nun-lune, thus err-- erting a pull or pressurion the swing frame.

owing description, in connection with the It was found when a small model wheel was used, that the cone of the last would look over the small wheel instead of rollin over it, interfering seriously with the cutting by stopping or jerking the lathe, and it proved impossible to cure the difficulty by ad usting the pressure, since the least ressure that would carry the model wheel own into the.

hollows would stop the machine or jerk the swing frame badly when the cone turned over the model wheel.

It is the object of my invention to provide a lathe which shall reproduce accurately a model having deep hollows and a generally conmlicated contour and eliminate the ditli eulties described above.

A feature of my in. entiou is a cutter having an elieetive diameter substantially less than the diameter of the instep portion of a model, whereby the sharply eoncaved por tions of the model are accurately reproduced.

Another feature of my invention is a cut ter with a combined roughing and finishing blade having a portion of sharp curvature, which, while capable of finishing the most sharply curved portions of lasts. shall be at the same tiin strong and not liable to get *out of adjustment.

Another feature of my invention is a cut {or allier linearly and angularly adjustable with relation to the work and a cutter having its axis of rotation inclined to the axis of the work. whereby the cutter may be ad: justed to the position best suited to the par- 7 tieular style of last being cut.

A further feature of my invention is a mechanism for creating a predetermined variable reaction between the model and the model wheel. so that the model wheel shall always be held with the requisite pressure in proper contact with the different parts of the model without loss of smoothness of action.

Another feature of my invention is a mechanism for causing a substantially eonslant pres ure between the model and model wheel during a predetermined. portion of the turning of a last. so that the more regular portions of the last can be turned to best advantage.

Other features of the invention, comprising certain arrangements and combinations of parts; will be described and claimed in the following specification.

I have shown my invention as embodied in a Gilnian last lathe of otherwise ordinary construction. but it is in its broader aspects applicable to lathes of other types.

In the drawings wliirh shown preferred embodiment of the invention,

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the lathe,

Fig. 2 is a side elevation.

Fig. 3 IS a plan view of the cutter and model mechanism,

Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of the cutter.

Fig. 6 is a view of another form of cutter.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatie view illustrating; the relation of the model wheel to the model.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary elevatimi ot' a modified form of the lathe.

Figs. .9 and 10 are details thereof.

Figs. 11 and 12 are rear-and end views respeotivelv of a modified form of cam shaft drive, and

Fig. 13 is a detail of a clutch.

The motor it) drives the shaft 11 whieh is bolted to the shaft 12. The shaft 1; drives the shaft 13 from which extends a sprocket chain 15 which drives the model and the block in the well known manner. The shaft 12 also drives the carriage traversing merhanism 16. All of the above mentioned strut:- ture is well known in the last turning art and need not be further described.

The sproeket 30 is loosely mounted on the stub shaft 31. and is driven by the Chain 32. which is driven by the sprocket 30 on the shaft 13. The driving elements are so proportioned that the stub shaft 31 revolves at the same speed as the model and the work.

The stub shaft. Ill carries the integral disk 33 which i looked to the sprocket 230 h the spring-operated pin 34. The sprocket. 3o has 40 two holes. 180 apart, in either of which the. pin 3% may enghge. As will he desrrihed later. one position' is used when turning a right last. from a right model. and the other is used when turning a left last from a right 1nodel. The. stub shaft 31 also carries two 0&111335. 36 which in the lower part of their paths, engage respectively, the two rolls 57. 38. These rolls are mounted at the upper end of a plunger 39. sliding in a guide ll] and having a link 41 at its lower end. This link is pivoted also to the horizontal arm 42 0f the bell rrank lever. the vertiral arm 43 of which is pivoted to a rod ll. 'lhis rod .slidds freely through a plate l5 and is fastaehed to the guide 40 and to the link 41 in order to hold normally the slide 39 in its highest position.

The model wheel carriage which is moved through a length grading connection. not shown. carries a pulley 50. A cord 51 fastened to a pin 52. on the frame, passes around the pulley 50. and around a pulley 53 on the frame. aml has a weight at suspended at its lower end. A clamp 55 is fastened to the rord 31. Below the clamp rord 1 passes through a hole 55 in an arm 56 on the rorh shaft 57. having at its ends the arms 58. linked to the swing frame by the links 59.

The cutter carriage U0 carries a slide ill, adjustable hack and forth by means of the slots and clamp lJOlls at (vi and the screw (12). l'pon the slide til is a smmnl slide til which is angularly adjustable about a pivot by the slots and clamp bolts at (ill. The slide (ll earries an eleetrir motor (17, the shaft. of \vhirh is geared to the waiter shaft (is, having the cutter hi at its forward end. This rutter. (see Figs. 4 and Ii) has four blades or eutting edges It straight and Converging slowly for the greater portion of their length. and terminating in quadranlal portiolr. Tl of a rrircle of about 1; inches diameter. Two of these quznlrantal portions T2, T3 are continuous over the n se of the ruttrr. hut the other two have a slight. discontinuity or t-learanee. asat Tl. to i'zn'ilitate the formation of the cutting edges i2. 73. The cutter is bored out twice at right. angles as at 75 to prevent clogging by chips. Fig. 13 shows a imilar two-hladed cutter. The model guidirontart member is shown in the drawing as the model wheel Ttl, a spherical ball 11, inches in diameter having two diametrirally opposed conical depressions Til see Fig. T in \vhirh are seated halls resting in spheriral seats in the ends of the arms 77, TH. These arms are integrally bolted together and mounted upon the pin 80. A small rlrai anre Til extends a portion of their length so that wear can be taken up. In this parlirular embodiment of the invention the pin l is the pin upon whim-h the 10-inch model wheel usually furnished with this (iilman la t. lathe is mounted. The mount;

ing 77. TH is vertically adjustable upon this pm as an axis by means of two adjusting screws; 81.

\Vhen a. last is to be out according to my invention the, model' and the block are mounted in the ordinary way on the swing frame. The critter carriage (ii is so adjusted that the spheriral nose of the cutter is in proper alinement with the model wheel 76 and so that the. straight parts 70 of the cuttingblades are at the proper angle. The rear end of the axis of the eutter will be inclined toward the heel portion of the block will depend. upon the style of the last being out. It. will be obvious from an inspection of Fig. 3 that the straight portions TU of .the cutting blades do the roughing oil of the bleak and that the finishing is done by the hemisporieal nose of the cutter when it comes along later. It, is obvious that the axis of the cutter must not tip so far toward the axis of the block that the roughing part of the blade ncar the base of the cutter will cut l ar deeply into the block. The first position in which the roughing portion of the! blade Tl) would becon'ie-tangcnt to some portion of the instep of the last as the axle of the cutter is rotatial toward the axis of the lu-d will he the limiting position. since any [in tln-r turning of the cutter will cause the roughing portion of the blade to rob this portion of the block.

ll. has before been proposed to incline the axis of the cutter with regard to the axis of the blo h hut in those consliurtions in which hr mu t d oi the axia of the cutter was inclinnd toward the tor of the block, the rutlt-r was towed to under-rut or bore so that the r-u-ehingf cutter chopped across the audaoi [1hrwoi 1d fibers. These constructions nasii u i great deal. of power and n'oduccd an lat rin-r surface on the last. It has also nit promised to turn the axis of the cutter toward 1hr h l part of the block, as l have done. but the cutter used in the proposed os t u tion was not well adapted to the to h performed, having; separate rwimluue and finishing blades and being expi, Univ and liable to get out oforder. Fun

rinorn, it was not capable of adaptation {in use- Mill! :1 small model wheel. and was no: tln rrt'oriadapted to out accurately a last liaiiug deep curves,

1 ha e provided a cutter peculiarly adapted to work z-mcresstully with a small model .whrol and to produce an excellent surface on the tunncd last. The roughing part of the blade. is straight, is firmly supported at. both pulls and in view of the fact that it is conliuuous with the finishing portion of the blade, eannol; possibly get out of adjustment: therewith. The long straight roughing portion of u-.-- cutter. working at a convenien angl u 5th the .wood fibers, clears away he u an. wood in advance of the portion of tin illlltli. being finished so that the finishing ar! of the blade has very little wood to remm r and is not in the least interfered with in he roullh portions of the block. The out no Hllr'il'll in the drawings is forged from a. mngg le plow of steel thus having great Filvlxgil? and rigidity. Its: small diameter main in moment of inertia per unit mass very vsmall. as compared with cutters of alm! y existing .types. whereby extremely high rotational speed is permissible. and the quality of the 'work done. is correspondingly improved My small model wheel and cutter have also solved another problem of long standin; in the last turning art. It is of course obvious that in order t turn a smooth last on a lathe it is desirable to rotate the model and block so rapidly that the spiral track made by the cutter on the block will be of very short pitch and therefore nol very deep.

With the old style 10-inch cutter and model wheel it was found that high rotational speed of lhe model and block was not permissible. 'lhe 10-inch model wheel will not, of course. reach the bottoms of the more uharply curved depressions in the model and simply rolls from one "wall" to the other. This causes a serious bump or jar to the machine as the model wheel strikes the farther side of a depression. The violence of this jar increases ,with the rotational speed oi the model since the model wheel and the ])l0jLC- tion on the model are brought together at a higher velocity. My small model wheel, on the other hand. rolls smoothly down into the depressions lllilSllllll'll as there is no depression on a last whirh has as small a radius of curvature as three quarters of an inch, and no percussive contact between the model wheel and the model occurs at any time. The wing' frame comes to rest at its innermost position gradually instead of with a shock. The smoothness of operation of the machine is further enhanced by the construction of the :-1\\'lll frame. I have found that the hraiviness and strength which were required inawin frames in lathes heretofore used are not ueecssary where my improved model wheel and cutter are usedgiai View of the absence of shocks and Vibrations, and I hare been able to obtain thoroli'ghly satisfactory work by using a. swing frame made of aluminum. The mass which is pushed outward by the model .wheel is thereby greatly reduced and is concentrated largely at the elevation of the model wheel that smoother lit-lion is obtained. It will therefore be seen that the rotational speed of the model and block can he substantiallv in creased without jarring the lathe so that a much smoother last can be obtained.

Preview attempts to use a small model wheel and thus to reproduce more accurately the Pnliirull' oi the model in the last. were urisuccessful for still another reason. In cutting the hollow portions of a last the swing frame falls to a nearly vertical position. The tor iexerted by parity in pressing it; to. a rd the model wheel and the cutter is cor- 'LOSPOll'lllliIli lessened and it was found that pressure a6 .ional to that exerted by grav-- it was nece sary in order to eflert proper contact between even the large model Wheol and the model. This pressllre was communicated by weights hung upon the arm 56. \Vher. it was attempted to use a mall niodel wheel and cutter it .was found that the least the lathe.

pressure whieh would entry the model wheel 76 from the portions 32 down into the hollows 83 (see Fig. would eause the model to look on the model wheel .when the portions H-l were reaehed. either stopping or jerking The eams 35 and 36 provide a means of avoiding this diliieulty. They are so adjusted uponthe stuh shaft 231 that they press down the slide l and therehy exert. pressure through the resilient link eonnee tion ll. 47. upon the swing trame just as the model wheel is rolling over the portions 82. S3 and release this pressure just as the model wheel is rolling over the portions H-l. Thus pressure is applied to the swing frame at just the times when it is needed and is removed at tit1u-s.\\lieu it would he harmful.

l have found. howe er. that this intermittent pressure meehanism is not adapted to ell'ert' the proper (titling of the toe portion of the last. This portion of the last all lies eonnmratirely elose to the axis of rotation and it has heen found that pressure in addition to that exerted hy gravity on the swing frame is neressary during the eom' plete rotation of the m del and hloeh while this portion of the last is heing turned. l etl'eet this unil'orm pressure by means of the weight 34. \l'hile the toe portion of the last is heing out the model wheel earriutie is near the right hand extremity of its path in l ig. l and the eord 31 hangs slaelt. allowing the t-lamp .33 to rest upon the arm 56. thus transmitting the stress due to the weight it to the swing frame. the rotting pr gresses the model wheel ear riage moyes to the left in Fig. 1 and the cord 51 is so adjusted that the slarlt in it is taken up at the time the instep is reaehed. Further progression of the model wheel earriage to the left. in Fig. l lifts the weight through the pulleys fill and 53 and raises the clamp 53 out of eontaet with the :Il'lll 56. whereupon the rutting proeeeds under the aetion ot the intermittent pressure met-hanisin alone.

In the eonstrurtion shown this inter mittent pressure merhanisln arts eoniointly with the weight M upon the swing frame as l have found that no untoward re ults are en tailed hy hating the intennittent pressure mechanism operative over the toe portion of the. hlorlt. it is within the seope of my invention. however. to routine the operation of this variable pressure mechanism to any desired portion of the eutting. Figs. 11. i3 and 13 show a modified term of lathe designed. with this end in View.

The model wheel earriage 90 carries the pressure form 91 which may he formed of a thin metal har having a. ram 912. l 'nl crunied at 91 upon the main frame of the lathe is a lever 94: which carries a roller 95 upon its inner end. The roller is so arranged as to engage the gum surface 92 as the moring model wheel earriage carries the pressure t'orm Ul along. lhe outer end of the lever We is pivoted to the link J whieh at its upper end is pivoted to the hell crank 2H3 suita ly mounted upon the main frame of the machine. The upper end of the hell rranl; 2H; carries a collar 9T in which rotates one memher US of a three-tooth clutch, the other nieinher ih of which mounted upon the disl; l inrhieh in this case is not integral with the ram shaft. 31 hut rotates freely upon it. The rlutoh meniher 38 is splinetl to the ram shal't ll. and it will he elear that when. the eluteh is engaged the sproeltet wheel Ill) will drive the disk 33' through the pin Ill and that the disk 33, through the eluteh melnhers 99 and US, will drire the cam shaft .3 The clutch will he engaged whenever the roller 95 rises into one of the depressions in the pressure form 91 and sueh engagement is made positive by means of a spring 100. The pins of the three-tooth elutrh are spaced 0 degrees apart so that the two eluteh nn-mhers ean engage in only one relative position. This insures that th ram shaft 31 shall not get out Hi its proper relation to the model and the hlorli. The low portions upon the pressure form 91 will disengage the cluteh as they slide orer the roller 95. It. will thus he seen that the ruin operated pressure ineehanisni may he plaeetlin or out of aetion at any period of the cutting by a proper design of the pressure form J1.

it is also possihle to so arrange the cord 51 and two takeup pulleys 50 and 50 (see Fig. N) that the constant pressure met-hauisln will lie hrought into and put out; of aetion at any desired time in order that the eonstani pressure portion of the. cutting run he loeated arbitrarily at any point in the rolnplete operation. as might he desirahle in some kinds of irregular turning. ()ne pulley (to would he so located as: to hold the eord stretrhed at the beginning of the i peration. nno' to slachen it at. the desired point. and the other pulley 50 would. its shown in the drawings, pick it up anti tighten it at the desired point. The pulley s,

In! and are adjustuhly mounted on the model wheel rarriage. and the eord 51 is led user on additional pulley which may he made adjustahle along; its supporting arm, ll desired. the mechanism of Figs. 11, 19 and 13 may he mlapted to tighten and loosen the rord 51. so that the eon tan pressure mechanism may he put in or out of action whenever desired. It is not necessary to hegin last cutting at the toe in rder to take advantage of this feature of my invention.

F J and 10 show a modification of the neehnnism for suspending the weight 54. In this construction the weight is hung upon a rod 101 whit-h is suspended from the cord i collar 103.

The arm 56 has a collar 104 trunnioned at its end through which the rod 101 loosely passes. A spring 105 encircles the rod 1.01 between the collars 103 and 101. It is of course understood that the arm 3ft is in continual up and down motion during the turning of a. last and during that portion of the turning when the cord 51 has been partially tautened the arm .76 will lift and then release the weight 54 at each revolution. The spring 105 cushions the. engage ment. and release of the weight 5 during this part of the turning operation.

In case a left last is to be cut: from a right model the model is inserted in the swing frame bottom side up. while the block is inserted right side up as is well known and the model and block are rotated in opposite directions. When a left last is to be turned from a right model according to the present ihvention, the model and block are adjusted as stated, the pin 34 is pulled out; and the disk 33 (or 33) is rotated 180 degrees with regard to the sprocket. 30 and then locked again to the sprocket by the pin Ell. This rotates the cam shaft L80 degrees to correspond with the inverted position of the model. In the turning operation the cams and 36 interchange their relation to the outside and inside of the cone owing to the reversal of direction of rotation of the model, but I have found that a considerable latitude in the adjustments of the cams is permissible without detracting from the accuracy of the cutting and the smoothness of operation so that each of the cams 35 and 36 can be so adjusted as to render unexceptional performance on either the inside or the outside of the cone. it it should be found advisable. the shaft 31 could be easily so constructed as to reverse its dircc tion of rotation with the model.

It will be understood that the variable pressure feature of my invention is not. limited to the. specific construction shown. It is within the. scope of my invention to control continuously the reaction between the model. wheel and the swing frame, as could be accomplished by a. cam shaped according to the variation in reaction desired.

It will be, of course, understood that the length and width grading mechanisms, which I have not shown. may be used in the well known way in conjunction with my invention.

By means of my invention it is possible to produce a last which shall be in shape, except for the slight irregularities left by the cutting tool, an accurate reproduction of the model, so that no hand shaping is necessary. At most only the smoothing of the helical ridge left by the cutting tool will be required. 7

Although I have illustrated my invention as embodied in a last lathe and have used the term last, in the claims, my invention is not to he understood as limited to the last turning art. It embraces broadly "the production of irregular objects from models, such as hat. blocks. gun stocks, patterns for clothing. etc. By the term blade as used In the claims, I mean broadly any descripcutter having an cti'ective diameter of subi stantially less instep.

2. In a last lathe a cutter carriage comprising a frame, a cutter mounted in the frame and having a substantially straight roughin that on of the axis of the work toward which the cutter moves, said frame being angularly adjustable about a vertical axis to adapt the cutter for working to host advantage upon lasts of different styles.

3. In a last lathe; means for holding and rotating a last block, and a cutter having an integral, roughing and finishing blade arranged to operate on the block over a substantial portion of its length at one time and to rotate on an axis inclined to the axis of the work. i

4. In a last lathe, the combination of means for rotating a last block and a cutter than the diameter of a model portions of substantiallydi' event radii of curvature and having its axis of rotation arranged at an acute angle toward and with the direction of feed of the cutter.

5. lo a. last lathe. the continuation of means for rotal iug a. last block with a rotat ing cutter arrangedfor traverse relative to the block and comprising a bar mounted at one end on its driving means, having as integral parts thereof a roughing cutting edge on its sidc..and a finishing cutting edge on its other end, the, cutter being mounted to rotato on an axis inclined to that of the block and in the direction of draft'of the cutter relative to the block.

6. In a last; lathe, means for rotating :1 last block, a cutter and means'for causing a relative traverse between the cutter and the block. the cutter having a head, separate blade making an acute angle with 7105 having a blade with roughin and finishing roughing blades mounted at one end on the the diamctral dimensions of the cutter are larly adjustable about an axis perpendicularto the plane passing through the cutter and work, and comprising a cutter having a roughening hemispherical finishin mounted on the third carriage, the cutting V instrumcntality having a spherical finishing portion, whereby the angle between the cutter axis and the work axis may be adjusted without disturbing the correspondence between the model wheel and the finishing portion and without interference with the power supply.

9. In a last lathe. a model carriage, a model wheel carriage, a work carriage, a cutter carriage arranged for traverse relatit ely to the work carriage in a direction parallel to the work axis, a third carriage mounted on said cutter carriage for sliding movement toward and from the axis of the work, a motor and a rotating cutting instrumentality mounted on the third carriage. whereby the distance between the cutter axis and the work axis may be adjusted without interference with the power supply.

10. In a last lathe, a model carriage and a work carriage, and a mode] wheel and a. cut tor carriage arranged for longitudinal tra\' orse relatively to the model and work respectively. the cutter carriage having a sup-- port for a cutter shai' t which projects there from toward the work, and a terminal finishing cutter carried liy the cutter shaft, the cutter-shaft support being pivotally adjustahlc about a vertical pivot and transversely adjustable relatively to the work whereby the anglc between the cutter axis and the axis of the work may be adjusted and the finishing cutter brought into corrcs mndence with the model wheel.

11. In a last lathe, a in dci wheel, a. model holding means, and an automatic control for the reaction between said wheel and means.

l2. In a last lathe, a. model wheel. a model holding means, means for varying the reartion between said wheel and holding means,

portion and a substantially portion in combination with a substantially spherical model,

constructed and arranged to be operative only at predetermined times in the turning of a last.

13. In a. last lathe. a model wheel, a model, and means for automatically eiiecting predetermined variable reaction between said model and said wheel during the turning of a last.

14. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a model,

and reaction mechanism for said wheel and model, constructed and arranged to be automatically thrown into and out of operation at predetermined points in the cutting of a last.

15. In a, last lathe, a model wheel, a model holder, a rocking member resiliently con nected to said holder, and means for stressing said model holder. through said resilient connection, at predetermined times.

16. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a model holder, means for resiliently pressin them together, and means for automatioal y controlling the force exerted by the resilient means. I

17. In a last lathe, a model wheel,-a model holder, means for effecting varying reactions between said wheel and a last carried by said holder, during a revolution of said holder, said means comprising a driven member having a predetermined relation to the model holder and constructed and arranged to be detached from its drive and to be reengaged with its drive without change of said predetermined relation.

18. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a swing frame, and mechanism for intermittently pressing said swing frame toward the model wheel during the cutting of a last.

19. In a last lathe, a model wheel of small diameter, means for pressing the model into contact with said model wheel, said means being constructed and arranged automatically to diminish said pressure intermittently.

20. In a last lathe, a model wheel and a swing frame constructed and arranged to exert a substantially va rying pressure upon said model wheel.

21. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a swing frame. and means for applying a prede- ..erminedly variable premure. in addition to the effect of gravity, to said frame toward said model wheel.

22. In a last lathe a model, a model wheel, one of which rotates relatively to the other,

. l. and mechanism for modifvmg the reaction holding means, reaction mechanism for said wheel and said means and automatic means for varying the action of said reaction mechanism. f i

25, In a last lathe, a model wheel, a model, reaction mechanism for said wheel and model, and means for redeterminedly' varying the action of sai mechanism when tlie wheel is in contact ith a certain portion of the model.

26. In alast lathe, a model wheel, a model" reaction mechanism for said wheel and. model, and means for predeterminedly varying the action of said mechanism when the whee .is in contact with the model at a certain point in its length.

27. In a last lathe, a'model wheel, means for rotating a model in operative relation to the model wheel, a reaction mechanism for the wheel and rotating means, andmeans for varying the action of the mechanism in time relation to the operation of the rotating means.

28. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a model holding means, means for relatively traversing the model .and the wheel, a reaction mechanism for the wheel and holding means, and means for varying the action of the mechanism in timerelation to the operation of the-traversing means. 7

29. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a swing frame and mechanism forresiliently initiat ing reaction between said wheel and frame during thecutting of a last.

30. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a model holding, means, reaction mechanism for said wheel and said holding means and a control for varying the action synchronized with said holding means.

31. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a model, and mechanism for resiliently causing a desired reaction between said model and wheel, said mechanism being constructed and ar-' ranged to vary intermittently said reaction.

32. In a last lathe. a swing frame, a model wheel, mechanism for applying a continuous resilient pressure to said swin frame and means for periodically changing said pressure.

33. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a swing frame, a resilient link attached at. one end to said swing frame and mechanism constructed and arranged to vary substantially the stress transmitted to the swing frame through said resilient link.

34. In a last lathe, a model wheel, mechanism for increasing the reaction between the modcl and model wheel as the model wheel ispassing over the lateral faces of the cone of the model and for diminishing said reaction as said model wheel approaches the ends of its paths across the lateral faces of the cone 35. In a last lathe. a swing frame, a model wheel and mechanism comprising a cam shaft for periodically varyin the reaction between said model wheel an swing frame.

36. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a model carriage, a model drive, a reaction mechanism for said wheel and carria e, constructed and arranged to govern t e pressure exerted between them, and an actuator for said mechanism positively connected with said model drive.

37. In a last. lathe,a swing frame, a cam shaft, and resilient reaction means operated by said cam shaft and connected with said swing frame' 38. In a last lathe, a swing frame, a model wheel, mechanism for applying a. continuous resilient pressure to said swing frame and means for periodically increasing said pressure, said means having two adjustments corresponding to the two directions of rotation of the model.

39. In a last lathe, a swing frame, a driven cam shaft, resilient reaction means operatedby said cam shaft and connected with said swing frame, said cam shaft having an adjustable connection with its drive whereby its position may be made to correspond with that of the model in right and left turning respectively.

40. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a model carriage, a model drive, a mechanism for controlling themagnitude of the reaction between said wheel and carriage, and an actuator for said mechanism positively connectible with said drive in a plurality of positions.

41. In a last lathe, a model wheel, means for creating a substantially constant reaction between the model and mo e1 wheel, constructed and arranged to matically said reaction at a predetermined point in the turning of the last.

42. In a last lathe, a swing frame, means for exerting a substantially constant pressure upon the swing frame durin a portion of theturning of the last and means for exerting a substantially variable pressure upon the swin frame, during another portion of the turning of -the last.

43. In a last lathe, a swing frame. mecha nism for applying pressure to said swing frame constructed and arranged to be rendered ineffective during the last cutting operation at a predetermined point.

44. In a last lathe, a swing frame, a moving carriage, a lever arm connected with said swing frame, a weight swin mg on said lever arm and means operated y the pro-- gression of said carriage for lifting said Weight from said lever arm at a predetermined time. I

45. In a last lathe, a model wheel, a l io'del carrier and pressure mechanism for goveming the reaction between said wheel and said carrier, constructed and arranged to maid: the variations in the reaction proportiuir terminate autoi 4 In a last lathe, a-model carrier, and

autoh'latic mechanism for applying pressureto said carrier constructed and arranged to be cllective during only a portion of the turning of the-last. a

417! In a last lathe. a model wheel, a model carrier, a moving carriage, and a mechanism actuated by the progression of said earring l vfor varying the reaction between said w eel and carrier. I

48. In a last lathe", a model arr-lei, a lever arm through which pressure i ay be exerted on' said carrier, a weight constructed and arranged to actuate said arm. a flexible means constructed and arranged to lift said weight whereby its influence upon said arm may be terminated, and automatic means for varying the effective length of said flexible means.

49. In a last lathe, model holding means, a model wheel, the diametral dimensions of which do not greatly exceed those of the model, and mechanism for systematically varying the reaction between the model wheel and the model holding means.

50. In a last lathe, model holding means,

a model wheel, the diametral dimensions of which do not greatly exceed those of the model, and mechanism for varying the reaction between the model wheel and model holding means at predetermined times 'in the revolution of the model.

51. In a last lathe, model holding means, a model wheel, the diametral dimensions 0 which do not; greatly exceed those of the model, and mechanism constructed and arranged to increase the reaction between the wheel and holding means when the model wheel is rolling down toward the axis of model, and mec rotation of the model, and to decrease the reaction when the model wheel is rolling up away from the axis of rotation,

52. In a last lathe, model holding means a model wheel, the diamctral dimensions oi which do not greatly exceed those of the model, and mechanism operating in time relation to the relative movement of the wheel and model-holding means for'gove'rnc ing the reaction between them.

53. In a last lathe, model holding means a model wheel the diametral dimensions which are com arable relation to the relative moyement of, holding means and the model wheel for varying the reaction between them, whereby the low portions of the model are Brought tions may roll over it without locking. 4

54. In a last lathe, a model wheel the diametral dimensions of which are com-' with those of the a amsm arranged in time 56 down to the model wheel, and the high potto parable with those of the model, mechanism constructed and arranged to assist the rollin'% of the modelwheel respectively into an out of the hollow portions of the model and means for substantially increasingthe average pressure between the model wheel and the model during the cuttinnr of the toe .70

part of the, last.

55. In a last lathe, a model carrier, a lever arm positively connected with said carrier,

a flexible suspension, a weight on said suspension, resiliently engaging said arm when.

permitted by said S11PG11S1D11, and means suspension. V

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

LELAND B. WHIPPLE.

for automatically varymg the length of said ."atent No. 1,293,276.

Letters Ccrrection in it. is hereby certified that in Letters Patent. No. 1,293,276, granted February 4, 1919, upon the application of Loimul B. Whipple, of Rochester, New York, for an. improvement in "Lnst-Lnthvs," an crriir appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page (5, Iinr: 11, claim 7, for the word "roughening roar] rough-Eng; and that the said Letters Patent should he read with this cor-rec tio'n therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent. Office.

Signed and scaled this 2d day'of December, A. 1)., 1919.

M. H. ("(JULSTON, Acting Commissioner of Pa tents.

lsmu] 

